بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گندم بهاره پاییزه شمال ایران با استفاده از نشانگر ISSR

Identification and classification of genetic source are important in plant breeding and genetic diversity. In order to evaluate genetic diversity of 48 Facultative wheat genotypes belong to north of IRAN, an experiment was done using 10 ISSR primers in the genetic laboratory of Gonbad Kavous University. Out of 62 produced fragments, 41 fragments were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands were different from 2 to 8 for each primer. The maximum number of polymorphic bands were related to PRI – 10. PIC value were variable between 0.375 to 0.498 and Marker index were variable between 18.75 to 39.84. The maximum percent of polymorphism with 80% were belong to PRI-4 and PRI–10, and the minimum percent of polymorphism with %50 were belong to (PRI -2 + PRI -4), (PRI -3 + PRI -4) and PRI-5. (PRI-3 + PRI-4) and PRI-5 showed maximum Shanon index with 0.666 and 0.502, respectively. The maximum and minimum Nei genetic variability were observed for (PRI-3 + PRI-4), and PRI-5 as 0.336 and 0.474 respectively. Maximum (1.908) and minimum (1.584) number of effective alleles obtained for (PRI-3 +PRI-4), and PRI-5, respectively. The 48 genotypes were grouped in four groups by using Jacard Coefficient similarity in UPGMA cluster analysis. Cluster analysis showed that ISSR markers are reliable to manifest higher level polymorphism. It also showed that ISSR indicators is useful to evaluate genetic variability and breeding programs in wheat.